All electrical systems are susceptible to short circuits and the abnormal current levels they create. These currents can produce considerable thermal and mechanical stresses in electrical distribution ...

A power system functions normally until after the occurrence of a fault in the system. The good news is fault events can be minimized or avoided through diligent electrical design, accurate record ...

Download this article in PDF format. If you search the internet for “transformer equivalent circuits,” you’ll get five pages of over 100 small circuit diagrams. Figures 1 and 2 show two typical ...